1900s Worldwide Overpopulation :: Essays Papers

1900s Worldwide Over macrocosmMichael Beadling Jonathan Swift, author of, A Modest Proposal is non alone in his literary theories regarding a method to curative the plaguing disease of overpopulation. Overpopulation meaning the inability of society and of Earth to accommodate an excessive amount of persons. This problem has been addressed and dealt with in a variety of ways for hundreds of years. It is thought, that if at that place are too many people, than every new addition to the population takes away from those who already exist. So, if this is the case, why not stop the newcomers from coming or unloosen t he ones who just arrived? Theses above mentioned thoughts eventually are put to action and made laws by government. A man by the name of, Paul Ehrlich, who was an advocate for population control, stated in his book, The Population Bomb, we can no longer afford merely to treat the symptoms of cancer of population growth the cancer itself must be cut out(xi). By this quote he means that we cant just keep grown medicine to the disease in hopes that will cure it, we go for to completely eliminate the disease. In the peoples country, the Unites States of America, eradicating children and putting to death those who bare children is not something that is practiced. This does not, however, hold true for other countries. China is presumably the most famous country for enforcing strict population control. Acknowledging that China is a communist country, they hold the major power to carry out their rules as they see fit. An article in The New York Times stated, Chinese women were rounded up and forced to have abortions vigilantes abducted pregnant women on the streets and hauled them off, sometimes hand-cuffed or trussed, to abortion clinics(Wren). In the Wall Street Journal, Steven Mosher wrote that the Peoples Press agreeably talked about the butchering, drowning, and leaving to die of female infants and maltreating of women who have given birth to girl s(Mosher) The people of China believe that a man is more apt and able to take care of his parents than a female, so they favor the births of men over women. Although China may seem evil in their antics for population control, the US has its own ghosts. Planned Parenthood is one of the few entities promoting family planning and birth control. This is a group whose tactics lack bribery and corruption.

The Career of Lance Armstrong :: essays research papers

Its a year since we bid farewell to a legend the ultimate cycling champion. He is a wheel horse who has overcome completely the challenges life has thrown his way and still continues to do so. Lance Armstrong cognise around the world for what he has achieved and overcome. Armstrongs name has become synonymous with the unique yellow jersey of the punishing Tour De France. It is the life and story of a true legend. Armstrong is just a man like any one of us a man who had dreams as a child of becoming person famous his dream was to win the tour de France at twenty four he was well on his way to becoming a top cyclist then in October 1996 he was diagnosed with stage four testicular cancer it seemed as if this time he was fighting a losing battle however Armstrong has feature an epic sense of determination he dismissed the medical odds on that day his life changed forever this was a battle that would demand all hi energy this was a battle he was determined not to lose this determina tion helped him to develop into the world class cyclist he became he himself acknowledged the irony that cancer was the best thing that ever happened to meJust sixteen months after been discharged from hospital he entered the Tour De France the most tough of all human endurance tests and won it in the fastest ever time who would have believed that a man on the verge of death would travel to become a champion of this stature Armstrong will admit even though he has won seven tour De France tittles his closet and most intemperate race was his one against cancer this race had the steepest hills, the sharpest turns and the slipperiest roads. It was a race in which he came face to face with death, and he won.Sunday the 24th July 2005 brought an end to his celebrated career. It was the day he wrapped up his 7th Tour De France victory, the day he retired and a day that will be remembered for many years to come. Since overcoming cancer he became the name that dominates the sport of cycl ing. Lance Armstrong revitalized cycling and the Tour de France, he turned cycling into a world-class sport and the Tour de France into a mega media event.I am sure that we were all in awe of this amazing mans courage and his wonderful achievements beyond all odds.

The Incredible Love Story of Pride and Prejudice Essay -- Pride Prejud

The Incredible Love Story of Pride and Prejudice The novel of Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, was a love story in which two complete opposite characters overcame their pride and prejudice and fell deeply in love. The story told how a bitter acquaintance could become a heyday love. Through lies, deceitful company, and separation the fondness of two characters prevailed, and confusing emotions arose. There were other relationships scattered throughout the story, but none were as grand as the mixing of oil and water. Some of these relationships bonded the two main characters together while others al well-nigh tore it apart. Elizabeth Bennet was the second of five girls, the favorite of her father, and the least of her mother. The most sensible of her sisters, she was a keen-witted, outspoken, and intelligent girl. Lizzy is not a bit better than the others and I am sure she is not half so handsome as Jane, nor half so good-humored as Lydia. But you are always givin g her the preference. They have none of them much to recommend them, replied he they are all silly and ignorant like other girls but Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters. PP 6-7 She studied peoples characters and behaviors, and she could almost always tell what someones next step would be. She went on rootage reactions and was prejudice of anyone who she didnt like upon first meeting. Her mother was a beautiful woman who married Mr. Bennet the most well to do man she could find. They had a trades union not entirely based on love, and that caused the two to grow somewhat distant. Mr. Bennet stayed quiet and levelheaded, but Mrs. Bennet became capricious and shrewish. For her, the onl... ... all odds to be together. Love prevailed through lies, deceit, and jealousy, and pride and prejudice was overcome. In the end, Darcy and Elizabeth showed how love could blossom from anything. Works Cited and Consulted Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York Airmont Books, 1992. Brower, Reuben A. Light and Bright and Sparkling Irony and simile in Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Donald Gray. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 374-388. Moler, Kenneth. Pride and Prejudice A Study in Artistic Economy. Boston, MA Twayne Publishers, 1989. Southam, B.C., (ed.), Jane Austen The Critical Heritage. Landon, NY Routledge & Kegan Paul - Barres & Nobel Inc., 1968. Wright, Andrew H. Feeling and Complexity in Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Donald Gray. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 1966. 410-420.

The Scarlet Pimpernel :: Free Essay Writer

The rubicund PimpernelIn 1792, during the French Revolution, a figure named the Scarlet Pimpernel saved many aristocrats from the French. exploitation daring plots and disguises he escaped from the French and his archenemy, Chauvlin. The richest man in England, Sir Percy Blakenley was marital to the most beautiful woman in France, LadyMarguerite Blankenley. Sir Percy was an important character in The Scarlet Pimpernel. The story took moorage in both England and France. It started in Paris, France at the scene of the guillotine. Some of the story took place at The Fishermans Rest in Dover, England. Otherparts of the story took place at Sir Percys house in Richmond, England, The Chat Gris in Calais, France, Lord Greenvilles Ball and The Covent Garden Theatre in England. The theme of the story was cheat and courage. It showed how much Sir Percy cared most and loved Marguerite. Marguerite once loved him, but now took him for granted and thought of him as a fop. It also limned how br ave Sir Percy, The Scarlet Pimpernel, was in risking his life history for the lives of the aristocrats. The Scarlet Pimpernel and a small band of devoted followers had dedicated their lives and fortunes to saving the innocent aristocrats of the French Revolution and the horror of the guillotine. They risked their lives on legion(predicate) occasions and rescued many French noblesse bringing them to the safety and security of England. Sir Percy Blakenley, one of the wealthiest men in England, was married to Lady Marguerite St. unspoilt who was thought to be themost beautiful and smartest woman in Europe. She was perceived asa traitor to the French cause for having betrayed the Marquis de St. Cyr and his whole family to the bloody guillotine. This she was duped into doing because of her brother, Armond, who was almost killed by them for having dared to love the daughter of anaristocrat. Therefore Sir Percy showed no love toward Marguerite and acted the part of a fool. She thought S ir Percy to be a vain,pompous dandy and could not conceive how she ever married him. Inspite of this she still had feelings of love for him. Sir Percy loved her deeply, though he also hated and detested her for what she did. He was emotionally torn between love and hate though he would have given or done anything for her, save revealing his true identity as The Scarlet Pimpernel.

John Dryden Essay -- essays research papers fc

Quarrel of the Moderns and the AncientsThose beauties of the French poesy are such as will raise perfection higher where it is, solely are not sufficient to give it where it is not they are indeed the beauties of a statue but not of a man (Poesy Abridged). Dryden wrote this essay as a dramatic dialogue with four characters representing four critical positions. The four critical positions are ancients verses moderns, unities, French verses English drama, separation of tragedy and comedy verses tragicomedy and justness of rhyme in drama (Brysons). Neander is in favor of the moderns but he respects the ancients, he also favors English drama while having critical views towards French drama. In An Essay of Dramatic Poesy Dryden used character to represent four critical positions, but he cleverly disguised himself as sensation of them Throughout Drydens An Essay of Dramatic Poesy Neander is believed to represent Drydens point of view on the different critical issues discussed. Living fr om 1631 to 1700 John Dryden was the in the lead literary figure of the Restoration (John Dryden Encarta). Dryden was an accomplished poet, playwright and critic. Speaking English, Latin and Greek Dryden was also a successful translator. Writing Heroic Stanzas, a poem commemorating the death of Cromwell, Dryden secured a place in Londons literary circles. After converting to Christianity under the Christian rule of James II, Dryden was prescribed poet laureate where he later lost the title ...

John Dryden Essay -- essays research papers fc

Quarrel of the Moderns and the AncientsThose beauties of the cut poesy are such as will raise perfection higher where it is, only if are not sufficient to give it where it is not they are indeed the beauties of a statue but not of a man (Poesy Abridged). Dryden wrote this essay as a dramatic dialogue with four characters representing four critical positions. The four critical positions are ancients verses moderns, unities, French verses English drama, separation of tragedy and comedy verses tragicomedy and appropriateness of rhyme in drama (Brysons). Neander is in favor of the moderns but he respects the ancients, he also favors English drama while having critical views towards French drama. In An Essay of Dramatic Poesy Dryden used character to represent four critical positions, but he cleverly disguised himself as peerless of them Throughout Drydens An Essay of Dramatic Poesy Neander is believed to represent Drydens point of view on the different critical issues discussed. Liv ing from 1631 to 1700 John Dryden was the star(p) literary figure of the Restoration (John Dryden Encarta). Dryden was an accomplished poet, playwright and critic. Speaking English, Latin and Greek Dryden was also a successful translator. Writing Heroic Stanzas, a poem commemorating the death of Cromwell, Dryden secured a place in Londons literary circles. After converting to Christianity under the Christian rule of James II, Dryden was appointive poet laureate where he later lost the title ...

A White Girls Burden

A white girls Burden, written Amy Finnegan is an article or so a social movement, which happened in 2012, this is most commonly referred to as Kony 2012. This movement was started by a group of 3 regular Californian guys who had typical lives who were incite to started an organization on this situation which is called invisible children, which was first formed in 2003. The video titled Kony 2012 is 30 minutes long and quickly made an carriage on many social networks and newspapers across North America, sparking wide spread concern about the lords resistance army (LRA) war in central Africa.Finnegan, 2013). erst this video became viral thousands of people became moved about this phone number and started to help fund pitch thousands of dollars to help the cause from all ages of people. Invisible children mobilizes predominantly young, privileged, evangelical Christian, distaff Americans to participate in a unique form of non-wave-making activism (Finnegan, 2013). Aside from fund raising people were as well as reaching out to all the contacts and sources they had to further raise the awareness of the war in Africa. Soon after the video was released invisible children had already raised 1 million dollars after a week.The founders of the organization invisible children all had doctrine and were into religion, however they did not want to mix religion and business. Invisible children made a social movement unlike many others, through social mesial and non-violent actions. Distinct from activism that seeks to make social change by engaging institutions through civil disobedience or public protests, invisible children promotes legal, institutional forms of engagement. (Finnegan, 2013). Some major events that invisible children has achieved is hosted the largest lobby day ever about an African issue in U.S history, they have also successfully gained several minutes of unscheduled airtime with Oprah to raise awareness about this conflict. In less than an year, of the lords resistance army disarmament and northern Uganda recovery act, at a bipartisan piece of legislation that mandated that the Obama judicatory provide funds for the northern Uganda recovery and transitional Justice initiatives, and eventually send 100 military advisors to the region in October 2011 (Finnegan, 2013). Invisible children have also being contacted by George Clooney, and other popular films like Blood Diamond.However there are 3 ain problems discussed in this article regarding invisible children, firstly the media seemed to manage Uganda and what one knows about it. Secondly, invisible children also promoted policies that are highly controversial and lastly Americans shallow an ill-informed understanding of Africa, and a distorted picture of their own power in social change. (Finnegan, 2013). Invisible children have focused on gaining the attention on young people because these types of people are the future and are beseeming more passionate and involved in stories and issues similar to this concern all around the world.Mobilizing young people to become active on these issues is very key and very effective to changing the world, young people are more socially active online and do participate in other subjects such as invisible children and stopping Joseph Kony. This issue is still going on but has gotten better problems like this cannot be solved overnight but throughout the outgoing 2 years have made a significant ditterence and will continue to get better. Because ot the generous donations and support a lot has been done regarding this issue and has led others to become aware of different problems, situations, organizations, and groups around the world.

Common Problems of Belt Filter Press and the Corresponding Solutions

Contact Mr Wang Phone +86-18903999962 EMAIL emailprotected cn Common Problems of Belt Filter Press and the corresponding solutions Common Problems of Belt Filter Press and the corresponding solutions 1. slurry passentrate get across stuff in a great quantity Maybe caused by in-correct diffuse cloth model sizing Poor result for flocculation Shooting order sizing pervade cloth again and select right size and model by testing choose right flocculation agent and right tossing quantity.2. ilter cloth bad backwash result Maybe caused by Low washing water pressure or few quantity for washing water washing nozzle was fulled by solids and spray water easily shooting regularity increase washing water pressure or flow rate calorie-free washing nozzle.3. lways a great quantity of slurry leakage at the first at the first liquidity crisis roller Maybe caused by high squeezing pressure despicable flocculant result too big flow rate for slurry feeding fast movement for squeezing belts Shoot ing method decrease filter cloth tightening force choose right flocculant agent and most suitable flocculant quantity decrease slurry feeding flow rate decrease filter belt running speed.4. filter cloth flapped Maybe caused by less tightening force for filter cloth roller axle line are not horizontal Shooting method adjust tighting force for filter cloth adjust axle line for rollers.5. ilter cloth connector breakage Maybe caused by poor holding force for filter cloth connector Shooting method repair filter cloth connector.6. filter cloth running in release but cant be controlled easily Maybe caused by failure of anti-deviation system un-balanced degree for adjacent rollers Problem shooting method reset,to shift the failure dismay adjust horizontal degree for rollers.7. breakage for squeezing rollers Mainly caused by big filter cloth tightening pressure,or rollers was badly corrosive shooting method decrease filter cloth tightening pressure repair or replace the rollers.

Food intake 3 day Essay

Weve heard time and time again during our lives how important it is to eat produces and vegetables or to have a well-balanced fodder. We also make do how hard it can be to ensure that you are eating enough of the right thing. Are fast diet restaurants as bad as mint make them seem? How do you know if your diet contains all of the essential vitamins and minerals? The answers to both of these questions lie in the results from the three-day food intake assignment I participated in. development the information I recorded in IProfile, I was able to record my intake of protein, carbohydrates and lipids, the amount of case intake, and notice pattern or trends in my diet that could be modified. Initially, I was able to record my intake of protein, carbohydrates and lipids. Of the foods I consumed over the course of three days, mostly from fast food restaurants, the foods that provided the most protein were the Burger King blimp and cheese crossanwich, the Captain Ds 3-piece chicken d inner, a Burger King Whopper Jr. sandwich, hard-boiled eggs, fish on bun, Popeyes shrimp, fried eggs, a McDonalds crisp chicken sandwich and a Five Guys burger. The foods that provided the most carbohydrates are the Burger King sausage and cheese crossanwich, Captain Ds 3-piece chicken dinner, Pepsi cola, Welchs 100% grape juice, Five Guys fries and Coca-Cola. Lastly, the foods that provided the most lipids were the Burger King sausage and cheese crossanwich, the hard boiled eggs, fried eggs, pork sausage, a McDonalds crispy chicken sandwich and French fries. According to the aforementioned information my daily intake for protein was about 93 grams, 422 grams per day of carbohydrates and 11.16 grams daily for lipids. In comparison, the passs of the dietary case intake (DRI) for protein is 82-286 grams daily, 367-531 grams daily for carbohydrates and 18.6 grams per day of lipids. In conclusion, my lipid intake is extremely too low, with my carbohydrate and protein intake being in range with the DRI recommendations. To avoid complaint or deplorable health, this part of my diet should be carefully monitored and modified. According toNutritionMD.org, macronutrients such as carbohydrates, protein and fat (or lipids) are essential for growth, health and immune function. too little or too much of any of these macronutrients may result in poor health and a variety of diseases (NutritionMD.org). Protein is important for growth and provides amino group acids with are very important for building cells protein is important for warding off diseases. For example, individuals with liver disease cannot produce enough amino acids to support the body, while a traffic pattern individual can this is most likely a direct correlation to protein intake.Furthermore, use IProfile I was able to monitor my fiber intake. According to my intake spreadsheet my fiber intake does not meet 100% of the recommendation for me as calculated on the IProfile website. My total fiber intake w as 21 grams daily, which is about 55.7% of the daily recommendation meaning my fiber consumption is too low. Fiber is important because it helps the body rid itself of waste, which means I will have to take precautions to ensure that I adjust my fiber intake in my diet. Based on my IProfile spreadsheets, the foods in my three-day diet that provided the most fiber were apples, French fries, and red beans with rice. The foods providing the least fiber in my meals were the soda, watermelon, eggs, and pork sausage. My lack of fiber is most likely a direct correlation with the lack of fruit and vegetables in my diet which needs immediate modification. Additionally, using the three-day food intake spreadsheet I was able to pin point patterns or trends in my food consumption which helps with the much needed modification of my diet. One marked trend was that most of the (fast) food I consumed was high in sodium. I also noticed that majority of my sugar and moisture intake along with one-ha lf of my fluoride intake came from the sodas I consumed. My meals also did not include many fiber-rich bean dishes I only consumed beans once in the course of three days. Based on the trends found, I plan to incorporate more lipid and fiber rich foods into my diet such as beans and green leafy vegetables, as well as avoid foods that have un good for you(p) amounts of sodium. For example, according to whfoods.org, eating whole fruit instead of drinking a fruit juice and make a healthy impact on your fiber increase because they provide you with more nutrients such as fiber and essential vitamins as well as less calories than fruit juice.Inconclusion, by recording my food intake for the course of three-days on IProfile, I was able to monitor the amounts of macronutrients and fiber I consumed, as well as positive and negative trends in my diet. This information is extremely vital for living a healthy and illness or disease free lifestyle. I am now aware of the various modifications I sh ould make to my diet in order to have a healthier lifestyle, such as avoiding fast food high in sodium and adding more fiber-rich beans and vegetables to my diet. Ensuring you are receiving enough nutrients isnt only important for losing weight but also important for warding off poor health in general as well as several diseases. The worst thing we can do is neglect our bodies (health.com)ReferencesNutritionMD,org Micronutrients in Health and Disease. http//www.nutritionmd.org/heath_care_providers/general_nutrition/micronutrients.html Whfoods.org Birt, D. F. Pelling, J. C. Nair, S., and Lepley, D. feed intervention for modifying cancer risk. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1996 395223-34.

The Indigo Spell Chapter Seventeen

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Physiological Adaption Fish

Physiological allowance of Fish to Its Environment BIO101 March 11,2013 Physiological Adaptation of Fish to Its Environment All organisms around the world are sparsely distributed depending on the milieu that best suited to their ways of survival. Organisms undergo adaptation an evolutionary butt where they became well-suited to a particular. The process of adaptation happens through the natural selection, whereby nature selects those organisms that suit a certain habitat and sustain them for successive generation and ones that do not perish, hence the theme of survival for the fittest.The surviving species pass the same favorable features to their generation for their further survival after a progressive reproduction. Physiological adaptation of seek to their habitat depends on what the nature favors to suit them. Below is the illustration of the external and internal features of a fish (Internal Salmon Anatomy Worksheet Key, 2011) pee bodies have a diversity of conditions t hat enable fishes to adapt to their survival. The physiological adaptation of these animals varies to a particular habitat, and it relates to how their metabolism works to counter the changing environment.Fish metabolic activities adjudicate to find out their soundbox functions in any opportune change of their environment and adapt to it. To control the body temperature, fishes undergo physiological thermoregulation. The physiological and metabolic activities regulate the body temperature and maintain it by means of countercurrent exchange system. The countercurrent exchange system is one where the hot blood in the blood vessels, as a result of muscular activities, passes along and gives up some heat to the blood in the adjacent blood vessels, which is flowing to the other parts of the body. This behavior fishes are able to keep warm.Fish also have the survival tactics in areas where water temperatures are on the point of freezing all the yr round like in the Antarctica region . In order to overcome the darkness due to the ice over the water surface, fish have a specialised sensory system called mechanosensory lateral line, which enables them to sense the motion of other animal in their environment and allows them to feed. However, some fish subspecies normally live in the freshwater and in seawater depending on the environmental opportunities that affects their chances to survive (WhyEvolutionIsTrue, 2012).Freshwater fish have a mechanism, which makes possible them to concentrate salt within their bodies in the environment of salt deficiency consequently, marine fish have the capability to excrete excess salt in the hypertonic environment. The latter as well has chloride mobile phone in their gills, which produce enzyme called gill Na+/K+ATPase that enables them to ride their plasma of excess salt build up when they drink seawater. The enzyme is applied to pump sodium out of their gills using the energy generated from the muscle.Freshwater fish have a p hysiological mechanism that allows them to concentrate salt and compensate their sanity environment. They achieve the balance of the body and that of the surrounding by producing very dilute, copious urine to rid them of the excess water in their body while taking ions through their gills (Fish in Their Environments Habitats & Adaptation, 2010). Their adaptation favors their capability to adjust to the changing environment. The swordfish has a modified eye muscle with a concentration of mitochondrion cells.The mitochondrion organelles perform the certificate of indebtedness of breaking down of food to obtain energy for normal eye movement and to provide heat for blood going to the brain. The physiological system of fish also operates within a fluid environment despite the change its environment. Osmoregulation in fish aims to get a stable balance of uptake and discharge of water and solutes through their excretory organs. Marine fish, for example, bony fishes, are hypo-osmotic to seawater respond to loosing water in their bodies by osmosis and gain salt by dispersal and from the food they eat.They also take up chloride ions through their skin and gills to balance osmotic condition of their environment. In conclusion, fish, like all other animals, have their mode of adaptation to survive in their habitat regarding the circumstances that occur. They will continue to reproduce passing those adaptations to their next generation. References Internal chromatic anatomy worksheet key. (2011, January 14). U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved from http//www. fws. ov/r5crc/salmon/workbook/homework_salmon_anatomy_internal_key. htm Fish in their environments Habitats & adaptation. (2010, March 3). Earthguide. Retrieved from http//earthguide. ucsd. edu/fishes/environment/environment_zones. html WhyEvolutionIsTrue. (2012, April 11). Parallel adaptation in fish Same genes used over and over. Why Evolution Is True. Retrieved from http//whyevolutionistrue. wordpress. co m/2012/04/11/parallel-adaptation-in-fish-same-genes-used-over-and-over/

The Return: Midnight Chapter 3

Damon leaped. Somewhere in the middle of the leap Elena felt herself left(p) to the whims of gravity. She move to curl into a bal to hook on the impact on adept buttock.What happened was strange al more or less miraculous. She came trim venture, right side up, on the opposite side of the couch from the plate of steak tartar. The plate did a itty-bitty leap of its own, three or four inches, perhaps, and hence settled back where it had been.Elena was also lucky enough to shit a perfect view of the rarity of the heroic rescue which involved Damon diving for the floor and grabbing the bottle of precious Black antic wine effective before it hit the ground and smashed. He might not have the kind of lightning-fast reflexes he had when he was a vampire, but he was stil far, far faster than an ordinary human. Leap holding girl, flatten out girl onto something soft, turn leap into dive, and at goal instant grab bottle, but before it would hit. Amazing.But there was an opposite way that Damon wasnt handle a vampire whatevermore he wasnt invincible to fal ing onto unsaid surfaces.Elena only veryized this when she striked him gasp, trying to breathe and not being able to.She scrambled wildly in her mind for al the accidents she could remember with jocks, and yes, recal ed one when planeness had had the wind completely knocked out of him. The coach had seized him by the col ar and thumped him on the back.Elena ran to Damon and grabbed him under the armor, rol ing him onto his back. She put al her strength into hauling him into a sitting position. Then she made a club of her hands.Pretending she was Meredith, who had been on the basebal team at Robert E. Lee High and had a .225 ERA, she swung as hard as she could at Damon, slamming her fists into his back.And it workedSuddenly Damon was wheezing, and then breathing again. A born straightener of ties, Elena knelt and tried to rearrange his clothes. As currently as he could breathe properly, his limbs stopped being pliant under her fingers. He gently curled her hands into each other. Elena wondered if possibly theyd at rest(p) so far beyond words that they would n of all time find them again.How had it al happened? Damon had picked her up perhaps because her leg was burned, or perhaps because he had decided Mrs. Flowers was the one with the sense bal .She herself had said, Damon, what are you doing?Perfectly straightforward. And then halfway through the sentence she had heard for herself the darlingand but who would ever believe her? it hadnt been connected with anything they had been doing earlier at al . It had been an accident, a slip of the tongue.But shed said it in front of fair, the one person most likely to take it seriously and personal y. And then comely had been gone before she could sluice explain.Darling When they had just started fighting again.It real y was a joke. Because he had been serious about just victorious the star bal . She had protruden it in h is eyes.To cal Damon darlingseriously, you would have to be have to behopelesslyhelplesslydesperately inOh, GodTears began to run down Elenas cheeks. But these were tears of revelation. Elena k new she wasnt in her best form today. No real sleep for going on three days too many contradictory emotions too much genuine terror right now.Stil, she was terrified to find that something fundamental had changed inside her.It wasnt anything she had asked for. Al she had asked was that the two brothers stop feuding. And she had been born to love Stefan she knew that Once, hed been wil ing to wed her. Wel , since then shed been a vampire, a spirit, and a new incarnation dropped from the sky, and she could hope that one day he would be wil ing to marry the new Elena, too.But the new Elena was bewildered, what with her strange new blood that to vampires was like rocket fuel compared to the gasoline most girls carried about in their veins. With her Wings Powers, such as Wings of Redemption, m ost of which she didnt understand and none of which she could control. Although lately she had seen the beginning of a stance, and she knew it was for Wings of Destruction. That, she thought grimly, might be quite useful someday.Of course a number of them had already been helpful to Damon, who was no longer simply an al y, but an enemy-al y again. Who wanted to steal something that her whole town needed.Elena hadnt asked to fal in love with Damon but, oh God, what if she already had? What if she couldnt bear the feelings stop? What could she do?Silently, she sat crying, knowing that she could never say any of these things to Damon. He had a gift of farseeing and a level head in times of emotion, but not, as she knew al too wel , about this particular issue. If she told him what was in her liveliness, before she knew it, he would kidnap her. He would believe she had forgotten Stefan for good, as she had forgotten him briefly tonight.Stefan,she whispered. Im sorryShe could never le t Stefan know about it either and Stefan was her heart.Weve got to get rid of Shinichi and Misao fast, two-dimensional was saying moodily. I mean, I real y need to get into condition soon or Kent States gonna send me back stampedReject.He and Meredith were sitting in Mrs. Flowerss warm kitchen nibbling on gingersnap cookies and watch her as she diligently worked at qualification beef carpaccio the second of the two raw beef recipes in the antique cookbook she owned. Stefans doing so wel that in a couple of days we could even be tossing somewhat the old pigskin,he added, sarcasm edging his voice, if everybody in town would just stop being unrestrained possessed. Oh, yeah, and if the cops would stop coming after me for assaulting Caroline.At the mention of Stefans name, Mrs. Flowers peeked into a cauldron that had been bubbling away on the stove for so long, and was now emitting such a fearsome odor that languor didnt know who to pity more the guy acquiring the huge pile of raw meat or the one whod soon be trying to choke down whatsoever was in that cooking pot.So assuming youre alive youre going to be glad to leave Fel s Church when the time comes?Meredith asked him quietly.Matt felt as if she had just slapped him. Youre joking, right?he said, petting Saber with one tanned, bare foot. The huge beast was making a sort of growly purring sound. I mean, before that, its going to be great to throw a couple of passes to Stefan again hes the best tight end Ive ever seen Or ever wil see,Meredith reminded him. I dont come back many vampires go in for footbal , Matt, so dont even think of suggesting that he and Elena fol ow you to Kent State.Besides, Il be right beside you, trying to get them to come to Harvard with me. And worse, were both checkmated by Bonnie, because that junior col ege whatever is much closer to Fel s Church and al the things around here they love.Al the things around here Elena loves,Matt couldnt help correcting. Al Stefan wants is to be with Elena.Now, now,Mrs. Flowers said. Lets just take things as they come, shal we, my dears? Ma ma says that we need to come up up our strength. She sounds worried to me you know, she buttt prognosticate everything that happens.Matt nodded, but he had to swal ow hard before saying to Meredith, So, youre eager to be by for the Ivied Wal s, Im sure?If it wasnt Harvard if I could just put it off for a year and keep my scholarshipMerediths voice trailed off, but the yearning in it was unmistakable.Mrs. Flowers patted Merediths shoulder, and then said, I wonder about dear Stefan and Elena. After al , with everyone thinking that shes dead, Elena cant live here and be seen.I think theyve given up on the idea of going somewhere far, far away,Matt said. Il regard that now they think of themselves as Fel s Churchs guardians. Theyl get by somehow. Elena can shave her head.Matt was trying for a light tone, but the words sank like lead bal oons as they left his mouth.Mrs. Flowers was talking about college,Meredith said in a tone just as heavy. Are they going to be super-heroes at night and just veg out the rest of the time? If they want to go somewhere even next year, they need to be thinking about it now.Ohwel , I guess theres Dalcrest.Where?You know, that little campus in Dyer. Its smal but the footbal team there is real y wel , I guess Stefan wouldnt care how good they are. But its only half an hour away.Oh, that place. Wel , the sports may be fantastic but its sure not an Ivy, much less Harvard.Meredith unsentimental, enigmatic Meredith sounded as if she had a stuffed-up nose.Yeah,Matt said and just for a second took Merediths slim, cold hand and squeezed it. He was even more surprised when she linked her chil ed fingers up with his, holding his hand.Ma ma says whatever is fated to happen wil happen soon,Mrs. Flowers said serenely. The main thing, as I see it, is to save the dear, dear old town. As wel as the people.Of course it is,Matt said. Were going to do our best.Thank God we have somebody in town who understands Japanese demons.Orime Saitou,Mrs. Flowers said with a little smile. Bless her for her amulets.Yeah, both of them,Matt said, thinking of the grandmother and mother who shared the name. I think were going to need a lot of those amulets they make,he added grimly.Mrs. Flowers opened her mouth, but Meredith spoke, stil focused on thoughts of her own.You know, Stefan and Elena may not have given up on their far, far away thing after al ,she said sadly. And since at this point none of us may even live to make it to our own col egesShe shrugged.Matt was stil wring her hand when Bonnie dashed in the front door, keening. She tried to speed through the foyer toward the stairs, avoiding the kitchen, but Matt released Meredith and they both dashed up to block her. Instantly, everyone was in combat mode. Meredith grasped Bonnies arm tightly. Mrs. Flowers came into the foyer, wiping her hands on a dish towel.Bonnie, what happened? Is it Shinichi and Misao? Are we being attacked?Meredith asked quietly but with the intensity to cut through hysteria.Something shot like a bolt of ice through Matts body. No one real y knew where Shinichi and Misao were right now.Perhaps in the thicket that was al that was left of the Old Woods perhaps right here at the boardinghouse.Elenahe shouted. Oh, God, she and Damon are both out there Are they hurt? Did Shinichi get them?Bonnie shut her eyes and shook her head.Bonnie, stay with me. Stay calm. Is it Shinichi? Is it the jurisprudence?Meredith asked. And to Matt Youd better check through the curtains there.But Bonnie was stil shaking her head.Matt saw no police lights through the curtains. Nor did he see any sign of Shinichi and Misao attacking.If were not being attacked,Matt could hear Meredith saying to Bonnie, then what is happening?Maddeningly, Bonnie just shook her head.Matt and Meredith looked at each other over Bonnies strawberry curls. The star bal ,Meredith said sof tly, just as Matt growled, That bastard.Elena wont tel him anything but the story,Meredith said.And Matt nodded, trying to keep from his mind a picture of Damon effortless y waving and Elena convulsing in agony.Maybe its the possessed kids the ones who walk around hurting themselves or acting insane,Meredith said, with a side glance at Bonnie, and squeezing Matts hand very hard.Matt was bewildered and fumbled the cue. He said, If that S.O.B. is trying to get the star bal , Bonnie wouldnt have run away. Shes bravest when shes scared. And unless hes kil ed Elena she shouldnt be like this Which left Meredith the grim job of saying, Talk to us, Bonnie,in her most comforting big-sister voice. Something moldiness have happened to get you in this state. Just breathe slowly and tel me what you saw.And then, in a torrent, words began to spil from Bonnies lips. She she was cal ing him darling,Bonnie said, gripping Merediths other hand with both of hers. And there was blood smeared al arou nd on her neck. And oh, I dropped it The bottle of Black MagicOh, wel ,Mrs. Flowers said gently. No use crying over spil ed wine. Wel just have to No, you dont understand,Bonnie gasped. I heard them talking as I came up I had to go slow because its so hard not to trip. They were talking about the star bal At first I thought they were arguing, but she had her arms around Damons neck. And al that stuff about him not being a vampire anymore? She had blood al over her throat and he had it on his mouth As soon as I got there he picked her up and threw her so I couldnt see but he wasnt fast enough.She must have given the star bal to him And she still was calling him darlingMatts eyes met Merediths and they both flushed and looked away quickly. If Damon was a vampire again if he had somehow gotten the star bal from its hiding place and if Elena had been taking nutrimentto him just to give him bloodMeredith was stil looking for a way out. Bonnie arent you making too much of this? A nyway, what happened to Mrs.Flowerss tray of food?It was al over the place. Theyd just tossed it away But he was was holding her with one hand under her knees and one under her neck, and her head was way back so that her hair was fal ing al over his shoulderThere was a silence as everyone tried to imagine various positions that might correspond to Bonnies last words.You mean he was holding her up to steady her?Meredith asked, her voice suddenly almost a whisper. Matt caught her meaning. Stefan was probably asleep upstairs, and Meredith wanted to keep it that way.No They they were looking at each other,Bonnie cried.Looking. Into each others eyes.Mrs. Flowers spoke mildly. But dear Bonnie maybe Elena fel down and Damon had to just scoop her up.Now Bonnie was speaking remorselessly and fluently. Only if thats whats just happened to al those women on the covers of those romance books what-dyou-cal -ems?Bodice-rippers?Meredith suggested unhappily when no one else spoke.Thats right Bo dice-rippers. Thats how he was holding herI mean, we al knew that something was going on with the two of them in the Dark Dimension, but I thought al that would stop when we found Stefan. But it hasntMatt felt worried in the pit of his stomach. You mean right now Elena and Damon are in therekissing and stuff?I dont know what I meanBonnie exclaimed. They were talking about the star ball He was holding her like a brideAnd she wasnt fighting itWith a chil of horror, Matt could see trouble, and he could see that Meredith could see it too. Even worse, they were looking in two different directions. Matt was looking upstairs, at the staircase, where Stefan had just appeared. Meredith was looking at the kitchen door, one glance at which showed Matt that Damon was entering the foyer.What was Damon doing in the kitchen? Matt wondered. We were there until a minute ago. And he was, what, eavesdropping from the den side?Matt gave the situation his best shot, anyway. Stefanhe said in a hearty vo ice that made him wince inwardly. You ready for a little athletes-blood nightcap?A tiny part of Matts mind thought But just look at him. Only three days out of prison and he already looks like himself again. Three nights ago he was a skeleton. like a shot he just looks thin. Hes even handsome enough to make the girls al go crazy over him again.Stefan smiled faintly at him, leaning on the banister. In his pale face, his eyes were remarkably alive, a vibrant green that made them unquestionable y shine like jewels. He didnt look upset, and that made Matts heart twist for him. How could they tel him?Elena is hurt,Stefan said, and suddenly there was a pause an utter silence as every person froze in place. But Damon couldnt help her, so he brought her to Mrs. Flowers.True,Damon said coldly from behind Matt. I couldnt help her. If I were stil a vampirebut Im not. Elena has burns, mainly. Al I could think of was an ice pack or some kind of cataplasm. Sorry to disprove al your clever theories.Oh my heavenscried Mrs. Flowers. You mean dear Elenas waiting right now in the kitchen for a poultice?She hurried out of the foyer toward the kitchen.Stefan was stil coming down the stairs, cal ing, Mrs.Flowers, she scalded her arm and leg she says because Damon didnt recognize her in the dark and jostled her. And that he thought it was an intruder in his room, and nicked her throat with a knife. The rest of us wil be in the parlor if you need help.Bonnie cried, Stefan, maybe shes innocent but he isntEven according to you, he burned her thats torture and he put a knife to her throat Maybe he threatened her to make her tel us what we wanted to hear. Maybe shes stil a hostage right now and we dont know itStefan flushed. Its so hard to explain,he said very softly.And I keep trying to tune it out. But so far some of my Powers have been growingfaster than my ability to control them. Most of the time Im asleep, so it doesnt matter. I was asleep until a few transactions ago. But I woke up and Elena was tel ing Damon that Mrs. Flowers doesnt have the star bal .She was upset, and injured and I could feel where shed been injured. And then suddenly I heard you, Bonnie. Youre a very affectionate telepath. Then I heard the rest of you talking about Elena.Oh my God. How insane, Matt was thinking. His mouth was babbling some Sure, sure, our mistakegibberish, and his feet fol owed Merediths to the parlor as if they were attached to her Italian sandals.But the blood on Damons mouthThere had to be some mundane reason for the blood, too.Stefan had said that Damon had nicked Elena with a knife.As to how the blood got smeared around wel , that actual y didnt sound like vampirism to Matt. Hed been a donor for Stefan at least a dozen times in the last days and the process was everlastingly very neat.It was strange, too, he thought, that it had never occurred to any of them that, even from the top of the house, Stefan might be able to hear their thoughts directly.Co uld he always do that? Matt thought, question at the same time whether Stefan was doing it right now.I try not to listen to thoughts, unless Im invited or I have a good reason,Stefan said. But when anybody mentions Elena, special y if they sound upset that I cant help. Its like when youre in a noisy place and you can barely hear, but when somebody says your name you hear it instantly.Its cal ed the Cocktail Party Phenomenon,Meredith said.Her voice was quiet and remorseful as she was trying to calm the mortified Bonnie. Matt felt another tug at his heart.Wel , you can cal it whatever you want,he said, but what it means is that you can listen in on our minds any time you like.Not any time,Stefan said, wincing. When I was drinking living creature blood I wasnt strong enough unless I real y worked at it. By the way, it may please my friends to know that Im going back to pursuit animals by tomorrow or the next day, depending on what Mrs. Flowers says,he added with a significant glan ce around the room. His eyes lingered on Damon, who was lounging against the wal by the window, looking dishevel and very, very dangerous. But that doesnt mean Il forget who saved my life when I was dying.For that I honor and thank them and, wel , wel have a party sometime.He blinked hard and turned away. The two girls melted at once even Meredith sniffled.Damon heaved an exaggerated sigh. Animal blood? Oh, bril iant. Make yourself as weak as you can, little brother, even with three or four wil ing donors around you. Then, when it comes to the final showdown with Shinichi and Misao, youl be about as effective as a piece of damp thread paper.Bonnie started. Is there going to be a showdownsoon?As soon as Shinichi and Misao can manage it,Stefan said quietly. I think theyd rather not give me time to get wel . The whole town is supposed to go up in fire and ashes, you know. But I cant keep asking you and Meredith and Matt and Elena to donate blood. Youve already kept me alive the l ast few days, and I dont know how to repay you for it.Repay us by getting as strong as you can,Meredith said in her quiet, level voice. But, Stefan, can I ask a few questions?Of course,Stefan said, standing by a chair. He didnt sit himself until Meredith, with Bonnie almost in her lap, had sunk down on the love seat.Then he said, Fire.

PharmaSim Project Essay

The objectives and goals of Allstar are to look for sunrise(prenominal) opportunities in emerging merchandise with support from healthy and festering cash flow, to introduce new crossroad, to wield leadership and to maintain long-term profitability and commercialise share in an increasingly competitive and changing environment. Certain measurements are introduced to weight the success and progress of the objectives such as feedbacks from customers and retailers, keeping tracks on our market report and purchasing and analyzing the merchandise research reports. With increasing budget Allstar has, high market share in wintry category and leadership in this market are promised. Limitations on product line as Allstar does not manufacture any drugs in the area of cough, allergy and nasal category but cold in liquid family rich person a huge concern from end-user point of view.As for the customers of Allstar, they have a great need in OTC cold remedy market. Consumers have negat ive berth toward alcohol in the drug formulation and Customers think capsule is more than convenient than liquid form. some(prenominal) options to react to the current situation including reformulation or line extensions in terms of formula, increasing sales forces, gaining more support from retailers to get better shelf space placement and progressal programs, issuing more coupons to cause repurchases to improve our retention rate and adjusting sales force allocation and promotion strategy according to consumers shop habits.Promotional valuation reserve, product turn everyplace, sales force support, co-op advertising allowances, discount volume are legal ways to motivate collaborators to help us achieve our goals. Our direct channels are independent drugstores, range of mountains drugstores, grocery stores, convenience stores, mass merchandisers and wholesalers, merchandisers, detailers are indirect channels. We are facing three options to move near product line extension 4-hour cold liquid for children, 12-hour multi-symptom capsule and 4 hour cough liquid.Customers notes arouse negative attitude toward alcohol in the drug formulasCapsules are more convenient than liquid formCompetitors notesPrimary competitors B&B healthcare, Curall Pharma, Discol Corp and Ethik Inc Cold remedy market appears to be fastest growing marketWe could react and respond with reformulation, line extension, sales force changes and or adjustments on pricing and promotion strategiesChannels notesIndependent drugstoreschain drugstoresgrocery storesconvenience storesmass merchandiserswholesalersProducts notesAllround- a cold medicine that cures near conditions, but is mainly targeted at cold sysmptoms Allround+- all the benefits of Allround product but in a 12 hour capsule. Targeted at those who merchantmannot take the dose of liquid every four hours Allright- cold spray, for those who prefer over liquid or capsule form.Possible Goals / ObjectivesIncrease market share of cur rent market to a particularized % by the end of a specific period Create a new product that is targeted toward children by a specific period Increase stock price to a specific visit by a specific period To increase net income by a indisputable digit over a specific period To increase brand awareness by a specific percentageTo increase customer satisfaction by a specific %To keep promotional allowance above a certain %Questions regarding assignments / strategies for completing bearHow get out we meet to discuss projectHow and who will be creditworthy for making and entering decisions Roslyn iscurrently responsible for entering final decisions How and who will be responsible for analyzing separately round of decisions We should purchase research reports and assess if from each one report is helpful, so we can determine how to use the reports, how often we should purchase the reports.monetary value of reports come out of your budgetsHow and who will be responsible for determini ng strategy for each round of decisions How and who will be responsible for record keeping during the length of the simulation Keeping track of not only what we did, but also wherefore we did it, and what results we concluded from them How do we envision the written paper, what will it includeDecisionsAnalysesResultsMarketing activitiesLessons learnedSummaryIdeas for breaking up the projectEach team member will choose one marketing objective and handling everything for itPrice comparisonsMarket demandChannel anlsysisChoosing one aspect of paper and focusing on all products and competitors so the material is available when the time comes to write the paperPricingMaketingPromotionFocusing on certain competitors and handling everythingOne handles Allround products and other team members divide up the competitorsEach team member keeps notes on performance and positioning of competitorsIdeas for organizing the power point presentationIdea 1One slide for strategies/decisions that we ut ilize that were effective and whereforeDescribing what we believed were critical during the simulationWhat information or research led you to make each decisionExplain why they were effectiveSecond slide for strategies/decisions that could have gone better and whyDescribe one or two missteps we would like to go back and changeDescribe why these decisions were not idealDescribe their negative impactThird slide to identify one marketing principle that the simulation reinforcedHow the importance of this principle was highlighted by the simulation Fourth slide for reviewing our superior marketing planHow well we did overallIf we revised our plan during the simulation and what helped us do so Idea 2One slide per marketing objective and would discuss various aspects of it Idea 3Each team member defines what they would like to discuss and formulates one slide each.The final slide from each team member would have to be agreed upon by each team member to vacate overlapping materialIdeas f or organizing the final paperWhat do we envision the paper to includeMarketing objectives deck up analysisMarketing activitiesYearly DecisionsYearly ResultsOverall performance metricsLessons learnedSummary work upStrengthsAllround is the most purchased brandAllround products control shelf space as compared to competitorsHigh customer satisfactionWeaknesses limit marketing budgetHigh cost of goods soldDistributors allowance are highOpportunitiesProducts are armorial bearing toward the removal of alcohol from formulationThere are no 12 hour multi-liquid products on the marketA cheaper bargain product could be beneficial to address price criteriaThreatsEnd dominates the cough marketOver saturated markets, many other companies distribute similar products

India Fashion

TABLE OF CONTENTS pageboy - INTRODUCTION Indias radiation diagram leap forward? 3 1 INDIAS UNIQUE parsimoniousness AN OVERVIEW 4 2 FACETS OF THE Indian ECONOMY 2. 1 India in the last decade 2. 2 floor 2. 3 Bureaucracy and Corruption 2. 4 Import tariffs 2. 5 Engineering skills 2. 6 Entrepreneurship 2. 7 treat imbalances and inflation 2. 8 Indian Political fit 2. 9 People 3 THE PATH forrad 4 INDIAS FASHION INDUSTRY TRULY GLOBALIZED? 4. 1 The mode industry 4. 2 The Indian Fashion Industry 4. 2. 1 Factors driving arrestth . 2. 2 Local and Foreign players 4. 2. 3 Fashion protrude attention an example of Indias chassis future 5 5. 1 5. 2 5. 3 5. 4 5. 5 - APPENDIX INTRODUCTION Indias endeavor leap forward? Abstract India has forever been a peculiar unpolished and this is especi each(prenominal) in ally admittedly of how its parsimony has get uped. Rather than aggressively pushing for export harvesting or attracting contradict ory maneuver investing a exchangeable chinawargon and virtually others in Asia, Indias unique backdrop, resources and curtailaries direct it to breach the service arna instead.Was this an accidental development or a purposeful push by the g all oernance? If purposeful in nature, what drove the Indian g oernment to book such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) an forward motion? In fact, what are the key number unmatchable woods (or should be the key drivers) on a macro- frugal level that determine a unwraplandishs developing path? In our musical composition, we would like to explore three areas specifically The Indian politics and its policy making, pr ace infrastructure and institutions and finally Indias political base to delay if a remnant understructure be do with regards to its economical development.With this macro environment under rest in place, we would then like to look from a micro-economic level and analyze how businesses mickle succeed indoors the India service effort attached this frame play. The latter question impart be answered piece of music evaluating the rapidly festering Indian desi invent exertion as an example of the endeavor future for Indian, which has turn very(prenominal) often about focusing on the taste and preferences of topical anaesthetics in terms of design. Is t here(predicate) a way that contrasted design firms might be able then compete given that the local companies are so in tuned with the local assimilation and tastes, not to adduce cheaper?Would thither be a way to educate the local consumers to adopt a brand conscious mindset as the economy develops and the affluent community incr rilievos in size? Or go out the culture delay a loyal to a Made in India concept for the eld to come and hence be a waste of time for opposed firms to try and break that mold. With this paper we go forth try to address these issues to draw a conclusion and pass on how best to approach ente ring this unique and ambitious grocery store. 1. INDIAS UNIQUE ECONOMY AN OVERVIEWIndia, with 1. 189 cardinal people (July 2011), is the sanction largest verdant behind mainland chinaware. Though provided 30% of the issue forth race is living in cities, the urbanization is winning place at 2. 4% per annum. Only 6% of the population is above 60 stratums. However, due to eight-day life expectancy at birth of 66. 8 years (2011), this segment is constantly eliciting. The population d givestairs 15 years re importants relatively constant because on average every Indian cleaning woman is giving birth to 2. 6 children but with an infant mortality rate of 5%.It is important to get up that the working population age 15 to 59 go away enlarge dramatically in the adjacent five years from 720 to 800 million, seeking jobs and enlarging the economy. The governing is spending 3. 1% of gross domestic result on education in order to increase literacy rate (only 61% of Indian s above the age of 15 can read and write) in order to prepare a young workforce to enter the labour marketplace Data based on CIA fact book 2011. India and China were the biggest economies until approximately 200 years ago because they had the biggest populations and size was a overriding factor in economic output.Once the industrial revolution commenced in England in 1800s, followed by the study revolution in the late twentieth-century, mere size mattered less. First the Europeans, and then the Americans leveraged technology to increase gross domestic product in absolute terms and on a per capita basis. Now, India and China are developing fast, and are locomote up in the world in GDP terms. In 2010, Indias GDP in bribe parity was $3. 92 trillion and listed as ivth-largest economy in the world after the US, China and lacquer. . FACETS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY 2. 1India in the last decade It is absorbing to note that date services now deliver up to a greater extent than th an 50% of the GDP of India, it wasnt that long ago that India was too embarking on the effected path towards an advance economy through the typical agriculture to manufacturing route. After all, lacquer, then Taiwan and to the south Korea, and now China ca-ca demonstrated that manufacturing can accelerate development because its output can be exported to rich countries.However, in Indias case, while export and dispense rules were relatively lax at the time, the domestic market was one where on that point were massive protectionism laws in place, so overmuch so it became faren as a license raj. At that point in time, India had just gained independence and eager to boost export arouseth while dumb protecting local industries and expertise. The reality was however, that this strategy was a failure and direct to a much slower growth rate than its neighbour jumper lead it soon to a edge of bankruptcy in 1991, despite the Green revolution and massive growth of its agricultu ral segment.Looking stern however, this phase might take away actually saved India and probably served as the platform where Indias true growth began. The Prime Minister then Narashimha Rao and Finance Minister Mammohan Singh, with fresh money from the IMF and conditions of the loan, engineered sweeping economic reforms throughout India which include steps to remove the license raj that it had became. In tandem with this, tariffs were reduced along with busy rates. Many public monopolies were too removed, markets were opening up and automatic approvals for foreign investment were granted into nigh(prenominal) areas (but not all).The burdens from these reforms pick up been impactful. As hanged in the earlier constituent, India is now the 4th largest economy by buying proponent parity and has been experiencing an average GDP growth rate of 8. 5% since 2005, making it second only to China in terms of growing economies. Additionally, despite the spherical economic slowdown, for FY11, India is still pass judgment to gain at least 7. 5% growth for its GDP. This is collapseially due to the fact that its domestic consumption is passing gruelling and this promotes to insulate it from external shocks.Looking a bit immediate at the GDP split, one would find that services now make up the bulk of it, accounting for 56% of the GDP while the industrial and agricultural heavenss represent 29% and 15% respectively as of 2010, a sharp debateround for India when compared to the 1970s where agriculture used to be the shining star of growth, contributing close to 42% of the general GDP. In addition, the contribution from the exertion vault of heaven only increased from 21% to 29% during the last 40 years, which is very unimpressive when compared to the services sector.Source Worldbank With the sundry(a) reforms also comes increased foreign investment into the country. This has mea receivedmented to some 178 billion USD between 2000 and 2010, a massive ju mp from 1991 where it was only averaging USD $200 million per year beforehand in FDIs. Among some of Indias key investors include Mauritius, Singapore and USA which rank 1st, 2nd and tertiary respectively, with interests in such investment obviously gaining ground given Indias momentous potential and prospects of nobleschool profitability.As discussed above, the strong domestic consumption has led to a lot of oversea investment into the country and the disposal has been doing its share to promote such FDIs, through the pass offd removal of investment caps across all the industries. There still remain an unfinished agenda of permitting greater FDI in politically sensitive areas such as insurance and retailing, though at least for retailing, some steps have recently been interpreted to open this market.A deep dive into where this foreign investment is tone ending also reveals, not surprisingly, that a substantial amount or about 23% of total FDI equity goes into the services sector, followed then by the IT and telecommunication segments. 2. 2Infrastructure An important element to take note of is that Indias economic growth stands on a weak foundation as spunkyways, bridges and airports are not up to internationalist standards. Average press forward on highways is only 20 miles per hour due to road congestions and generally its roads are of miserable quality.Economic losses resulting from such poor infrastructure are estimated to be $6 billion per year according to the Federal Planning Commission. In India, highways or expressways constitute only about 67,000 km and while this makes up only 2% of all roads, they carry 40% of the road traffic The regime has been assay to resolve this by setting up a multiple stage National Highway increase Project (NHDP) with its signature project Golden Quadrilateral.The goal of this project is to connect the most inhabited cities of Chennai, Bangalore, Pune and Mumbai. This has been partly completed in 2011 cut ting the travel time on the 1335km route from Chennai to Mumbai from 90 hours to 48 hours (a significant 47% reduction). However, multiple check posts and mobile squads remain a source of corruption, not to mention traffic obstruction on highways and toll stations. Various entry restrictions into cities also slow down the out-migration of goods.Since cargo traffic is estimated to grow by 15 18% annually, the Indian government is spending $78. 5 billion over the next five years and is additionally trying to attract foreign direct investments for road development projects, granting 100% income revenue enhancement exemption for a period of 10 years to head-to-head investors. It is also disappointing that Indias vast railroad network of more than 60,000 km is not as effectively used for goods transportation as compared to China. One reason is a different standard of spacious gauge (80%) and narrow auge (20%). The government has thankfully know this and is now investing $5 billion into grammatical construction dedicated freight corridors in the Western and Eastern routes (Delhi Mumbai and Delhi Kolkata). More significantly, India has opened the freight transportation sector to competition erasing CONCORs previous monopoly of container movement by rail. Source Worldbank database Power is another issue as many cities and economic zones suffer from unstable power supply along with shortages of fresh water.India is generating 122 Gigawatts of power from coal-fired plants (57%), hydro power (25%), gas (10%), nuclear power plants (3%) and 5% from re saucilyable sources (wind, solar). There is a silver lining here though. While generation, transmission and distribution is in the hands of public sector companies or resign electrimetropolis boards, the clubby sector companies and international players are increasingly investing in Indias energy sector (for example Tata Power has a capacity of 2,203 MW, China Light Power provides 655 MW).Unfortunately, despite t hese investments, there is still a large direct / supply gap of 7 to 12% according to Indian investment commission. It is also precisely because of its weak infrastructure that some foreign companies choose other countries in atomic number 16 East Asia, for example Thailand or Vietnam to set-up manufacturing sites. 2. 3Bureaucracy and Corruption Despite Indias best efforts to remove its licence raj stigma, there still exists a fair amount of bureaucracy.The Indian Times summed it up aptly with an article it ran on 3rd June 2009, titled Indias suffocate bureaucracy worst in Asia A survey by the Hong-Kong based Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (PERC) compared 12 Asian nations towards business friend distinguishss.. Source World imprecate Doing Business Publication In the abovementioned article, 1,274 expatriates working in the 12 leading Asian nations found Singapore, Hong-Kong and Thailand to be the most efficient countries followed by South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, China, Philippines and In dosia.India came in last with its bureaucracy described as suffocating and interaction with civil servants perceived as a slow and painful process. This is a serious-minded issue not just for its reputation to the outside world, but also domestically. According to World cuss figures, India ranks among the worlds worst countries at encouraging entrepreneurs. India is ranked a lowly 166th out of 183 countries in terms of ease of starting a business and second last with regards to enforcing contracts. In addition to bureaucracy, India also suffers from an alarmingly high level of corruption.The 2011 Li-Na report reveals the following Other organizations like Transparency external ranked India 73 out of the 102 countries in its Corruption Perception Index (2008) and the World Economic Forum positions India 44th amongst 49 countries surveyed. everywhere the past two decades since the end of the license raj in the 1990s, the Indian economy has gradua lly opened up along with the governments relaxation on its tightly controlled policies. On the contrary, corruption in turn has experience standard in most business processes.One would find the formal route of setting up a business extremely difficult in India and it is only through bribery that various processes can move or speed up. 2. 4Import Tariffs Despite steadily opening up its economy, India has however keep high import tariffs, especially when compared with other countries. Before the 1990s, average tariffs exceeded 200% and quantitative restrictions on imports were extensive. commit 1990, India has been pickings steps to cautiously reform tariffs and focus only on goods and services of highest necessity.This has resulted in Indias trade to GDP ratio increasing from 15% to 35% between 1990 and 2005 according to World Bank. Non-agricultural tariffs have fallen below 15% and quantitative restrictions on imports have been eliminated. However, that does not mean India is a totally free market as the government has maintained a degree of economic protectionism. For instance, agricultural tariffs remain between 30-40% and anti-dumping measures have been used to protect trade.There have also been numerous requests by the US to the Indian Ministry of Commerce to reduce tariffs on industrial goods, especially in key segments like technical air lines. On the other hand, India has recently been pushing for a more liberal worldwide trade regime, especially in services where it is strongest in. So India must find some way to reconcile the 2 issues here. 2. 5Engineering skills In 2008 approximately 350. 000 students graduated from college holding an engineer degree, 23,000 with a Masters degree in engineering and only 1,000 students were awarded with a PhD degree.These figures were estimates by Rangan Banerjee and Vinayak Purushottam Muley, both employed by the IIT in Bombay. The number of engineering graduates has been growing significantly over the last ye ars and is now larger than in America. However quantity does not mean quality. According to a survey of local companies, only 4% of Indians engineers are immediately fit to work for software firms and only 18% are employable in the IT sector (McKinseys survey of international firms 25% of graduates pass IT fabrication-specific requirements).Hiring companies sine qua non to put a lot of furiousness on training on the job in order to puzzle Indian engineers up to mark. 2. 6Entrepreneurship causality Raghav Bahl argues in his book Super Power? that the Indian entrepreneurship trumps the Chinese due to more private ownership, uttermost(prenominal) competition and high productivity in India. In his book he describes an interview with George Soros in celestial latitude 2006, asking him about Indias militant value over China. Entrepreneurship was the answer.According to Soros, India had already brought up companies with graduation reputation (Tata, Infosys) which is something Ch ina lacks. According to the author entrepreneurship is embedded in Indian genes and he points to the communication diligence which was changed approximately 15 years ago. Since then the number of TV channels and tidingspapers have exploded and the telecom manufacture has now 500 million customers and is adding 15 million per month under extreme competitive conditions. The tough competitive environment demands for high productivity.Since the private sector in India is footed on mutual law, entrepreneurs can act in a legal thus predictable framework without fearing expropriation. The result is that Indians private sector is booming and is only facing hindrances of the states bureaucracy and poor infrastructure. China, with its massive population, does have its fair share of entrepreneurs of tune, but the business environment in China is even more challenging as compared to India. In China, the state and the numerous state-owned enterp get holds with their easy credit access, are the biggest enemies to the private sector.According to marshal Meyer (Wharton Business School) the government will always remain in control of the 100 largest firms in China. The tight control limits competition and the drive towards high productivity. 2. 7Trade imbalance and inflation Trade imbalance has always been a sore point for India where it has always suffered a trade shortage. Part of this can be explained by the strength of the domestic market and hence the reliance of the GDP growth on it. This trade deficit has however increased significantly over the years and currently stands at some USD $16 billion as of August 2011.Together with this, annual Inflation has also increased significantly and is currently standing at close to 10% in 2011, way above the generally acceptable levels of 6%. This rise in inflation is despite the India Central banks efforts to contain this through multiple interest rate hikes. However, Indias inflation is caused more by structural factors in the economy, including some discussed above like poor infrastructure, lack of skilled workers and low productivity in agriculture which will require major(ip) policy reforms to tackle, rather than simply increasing interest rate.All these factors combined can pose a significant challenge for India moving forward. Inflation does not just affect the cost of goods for the domestic market and hence affordability. It also affects the strength of the Rupee, Indias national currency. The strength of the rupee has been steadily decreasing over the years compared against the dollar and this in the long term would affect Indias competitiveness. Granted, India is still very much a consumption led market.When compared with many Asian emerging economies, this advantage has narrowed down over the years, especially given the fact that India now imports almost two thirds of its oil requirements from overseas markets. Additionally, while the overseas debt has gone up to $306 billion at the end of bunt 2011 from $221 billion at the end of demoralizech 2008, the cushion of foreign exchange reserves was stable and decreased slightly to $305 billion from $310 billion over the same period, which is a worrying disposition.The main reason why internal public debt has increased in India during in the last decades was the requirement of funds to finance various developmental programmes as both tax and non-tax revenues were totally inadequate to finance the government expenditure. The external public debt in India Increased significantly during 1961-2004 as it was utilized to make import payments and solve balance of payment problems. The tremendous rise in total public debt in India during 1991-2004 provides an alarming signal to Indian economy. 2. 8Indian Political scene Indias political scene has always been an kindle one.It is the worlds largest democracy where literally everyone has a voice and this has on more than one occasion, resulted in slow and costly decision making. While there is a central government in place comprising of the standard hierarchy of politicians and parliament, the states themselves also have their own legislative environment, which differ greatly from one another due to the significant autonomy that they continue to enjoy. In terms of political parties, there are 2 main coalitions The Indian National Congress (current view party) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).As such, it is untoward to note that while Indian National Congress has a bulk in the current ruling government and even control some state assemblies, it has failed since to implement any significant reform programs. This is in part due to the complex nature of the Indian political scene, but more important than that is the amount of time and energy spent to manage several high profile corruption cases, the most significant of which (as discussed above) was for the 2010 Commonwealth games and the auctioning of the 2G wireless spectrum.As such, while India has bui lt up a profile of universe a hot bed for FDI, this volatile political scene has also detracted some countries like the UAE from investing as closely. 2. 9People As a last part of Indias growth story, we also thought it be interesting to explore if the lives have improved over the years as well. After all, a key part of growth is to ensure the peoples standard of living goes up. There are bright drifter of course. Gross income per capita has experienced astonishing growth, reaching USD $,219 in 2010, up from close to USD $400 back in 2000, in line with the growth of India to some extent.This represents almost 14% growth on average over the last 10 years. However, such massive growth is not without its problems. The affectionateness class has exploded within India, reaching 32% of the overall population in 2010, and while the service segment has boomed, it only accounts for 20% of total utilisation in India. Majority of the people are still farmers by trade, working within the a griculture segment that is protected within India but now only accounts for 15% of its overall GDP.In addition, according to the registrar of India, the number of young adults aged between 15 and 50 years will reach 800 million by 2016. This means that the number of people entering the workforce will pack up dramatically over the next few years. The question then is where are the new jobs going to come from? It is not a realistic expectation for the service segment to dramatically increase employment by another 20 points and the manufacturing segment isnt growing fast enough to contain this population, which in China has taken on the main bulk of the employment. . THE PATH FORWARD As per the introduction, this paper will attempt to argue that India should look to develop another industry the Design industry. Why such a specialized segment? What is critical for both India and its MNCs is the ability to build a global brand. There are 2 typical routes taken by companies to establish themselves are as shown below Route A is the more conservative approach where a company looks to develop a consistent revenue rate of flow before embarking on its own brand.Route B, while more risky, brings much high-speed rewards should one be achieverful as seen from the likes of HTC and Giordano. The profits reaped however are quite significantly different. Just simply bonnie an ODM, yields a 6% increase in terms of margin when compared to just being a simple OEM, primarily because of the additional value one can bring. Requires market and technology competencies Becoming a design hub would also enable India to grow its manufacturing segment at a much faster pace.India has the potential to become a complete solution provider it is already strong in consultancy and services not to mention a big pool of engineers and scientists, and it has a lot of land available to set up manufacturing plants. irrefutable it has a large and still relatively low cost labour market. Hence, d omestic players who are strong in the services piece can build up its manufacturing capabilities quite easily to up the ante. International firms who already have plants in India, can tap onto the big brain pool and potentially bring lots more R&D investment into India.So in terms of functioning India grow both from a brand and FDI perspective, we felt that becoming a design hub is key. Additionally, design is really the driver of profits as it is the key differentiator for a lot of products, which in turn lead to higher price points and consumer willingness to pay. Apple and its iPhone is the perfect example of this. The great part about all this is that design first appearance can cross all industries from automotive to design to FMCGs etc, which also means it is not a niche segment that will fizzle out after a period of time.The question is what should India do to develop this segment quickly and effectively, and the rest of the paper will be devoted to that using invent as a case for abstract. 4. INDIAS FASHION INDUSTRY TRULY GLOBALISED? 4. 1The Fashion Industry The worlds mold industry was born together with modernisation, even though path has been in existence for more than five thousand years. And with industrialisation, continual technological advancements and global capitalisation from the 20th century onwards, the formulate industry has conduced to a significant share of the worlds output.A study on emerging behavior markets showed that India, amongst countries like South Africa, the UAE, Singapore, Russia and Brazil had emerged as a new and unique player in this global industry since year 2000. In many of these countries, one of the key growth drivers identified was actually government support. Others mentioned are factors such increased awareness of international brands and higher demand for carriage as countries globalised (Grial seek Sep 2009).For India, the government had not played any key role in its emergence in the fashion ind ustry. We would want to explore what the key drivers are, and how they can be used to plot Indian fashion on the global success map. In Asia, China is the biggest garment and fashion market with domestic robes sales worth US$33. 1 billion in year 2008 (Price Waterhouse Coopers report). As the Chinese are relatively more brand conscious than most Asians, the high-end fashion market is actually dominated by key brand names of US, Europe, Japan and Korea in China.As for India, it is the third largest in apparel market after China and Japan ($31. 8 billion Willy Barker. com) with US$5. 8 billion (PWC report). Refer to graph A. With experts looking to the fashion industry in Asia for good growth potential, China and India are expected to have double-digit growth in sales in the next two years. 4. 2The Indian Fashion Industry In a McKinsey report on Indias fast-growing apparel market, Indias apparel sales was expected to reach an estimated US$25 billion by end of year 2010 (McKinsey Ju n 2010).In fact, apparel is the second largest retail category (behind food and groceries), and this growth of double digits showed that the great potential of this industry will continue to see strong and positive expansionistic opportunities. With that we do expect to see faster growth in the Indian fashion industry. How true is that? In order to know whether it can be true, we will need to visualise the underlying factors, key drivers and perhaps the ways of overcoming constraints of this industry.In addition, it is important to look from inside out as well as outside in and explore whether Indian fashion can be unfeignedly globalised and whether foreign industry players stand a chance in penetrating the Indian market. All in all, with potential growth in Indian fashion design, it will push its manufacturing requirements, and truly globalize Indian fashion as well as setting pace and example in an important industry for India to carry through from design innovation throughout a ll industries, just like fashion design is trying to do. . 2. 1Factors driving growth Indeed there are several key drivers which drove, and most of these will probably continue to drive the local domestic fashion industry to greater heights. These can be grouped into 3 key areas in the main the increasing spendable income of Indians with economic growth driving GDP per capita from US$329 in 1991 (Wiki) to an expected US$2,110 by year 2016 (refer to Chart B) 1991 2016 2010 Indian youths behaviours and expectations of fashion as well as Indian-Western confederacy and influence.These are definitely interrelated and formed a powerful driving force which will continue to shape the Indian fashion industry, as well as how Indian fashion can be truly globalized. Figure A on the main growth drivers for Indian fashion industry Real average household disposable income in India has more than doubled since 20 years ago by about US$2,000 per household (Earthpulse). In addition, the middle cla ss portion is expected to continue a significant growth rate and this will pee-pee a robust consumer market internally in India.With stronger purchasing power, fashion products will definitely see faster growth as such goods have been proven to be demanded as people become richer. Latest figures (refer to Chart C) show that comparing year 2007 through to year 2010, Indias gross and disposable income has grown by almost 50%, and with this comes prospering urban consumer lifestyle which push for stronger demand for fashion, given more social opportunities as Indians evolved to have richer tastes and improved social and work lives.At 29% of population residing in cities, India has one of the lowest urbanisation rates in the world (McKinsey report), and this shows the potential upward growth as Indians continue to stream into the urbanised cities to work and live, and with that will continue to demand strongly for new styles and fashions in order to stay relevant to the rest of the mor e developed societies, which is part and parcel of urbanization and changing cultures in growing ad developing countries.Also, with higher disposable income, it pushes more businesses, both foreign and local enterprises to expand in hope of being first movers in many areas and aspects of fashion such that they will be the preferred brands or choices as Indians grow richer by the day. As such, larger obtain malls are opening and many are focussing on apparels and other fashionable items. In addition, with the increase in the usage of credit cards with more Indians holding jobs in bigger companies, there is no query that this factor will continue to drive consumer demand, and definitely the fashion industry growth.The second driver is really the change in the demographics of the Indian population. With better education, younger age groups, more exposure to foreign ideas and stuff through growing internet users and all, the youthful Indian population (in comparison with aging societ ies of Japan and China) have refreshed the fashion and apparels market with fresh and new ideas, and as a result, even tralatitious costumes such as saris are modernised and being worn differently, and India has also seen many renowned designers on the international scene.Coupled with things like the launch of new programs and courses in various Indian schools, such as Indian School of Business launched Business of Fashion Strategic Brand Management, there is much greater promotion of fashion and push of local designers and the industry to an international level. Rising affluence of the younger generation has also increased the brand awareness of Indian consumers, thus helping India moving closer to the Chinese standards of brand consciousness, giving rise to the vibrancy of the fashion industry.Hence, as Indias economy continues to grow stronger, and with the help of a sustainable youthful population, the Indian fashion industry can be boosted with much more international exposure and clientele, thus truly globalizing this industry to attract and promote Indian fashion products and output internationally to a greater level of competitiveness. Another important driver is really the fusion of Indian and Western tastes and perhaps some parts of culture, which has gradually influence the lives and lifestyles of Indian nationals.This can be attributed to several reasons such as the ever growing number of foreign multinational companies setting up branches and even regional headquarters in India the bombardment of foreign television programs, all thanks to line of reasoning TV, as well as movies and the Internet which played a big role in educating and modify Indians of the latest global fashions and trends many more Indians receiving education overseas as compared to previous 20 years. As a result, this mixing of the East and West has also provided a unique Indian fashion line and trend which has given foreign fashion lines a run for their money.Also, Indians t hemselves for opting for more Western, especially American and European styles of fashion as compared to traditional clothing, although it will still take many decades and generations to dilute the traditional Indian clothing. This fusion is essential for Indians to embrace the fast pace changes that we are seeing in the fashion industry globally, and enable them to quickly adapt and even be able to set trends for the future. 4. 2. 2Local and foreign players Being one of the oldest civilisations in the world, Indian fashion has combined tradition, culture and modernisation to become an emerging market since year 2000.Fusions of Indian and Western styles have dominated the catwalks of Indias various fashion weeks, which have become public and saw strong demands locally and overseas. Since year 2000, India has organised an increasing number of fashion weeks, such as Delhi fashion week and Lakme India Fashion Week, which are annual events showcasing the works of the nations best fashi on designers. This has attracted local and foreign purchasers, facilitating business opportunities as well as giving local talents the platform to globalise their designs.Lakme 13th India Fashion week which attracted many buyers both locally and abroad With recognition and the foresight of continuous strong growth, in year 2008, a group of established Indian designers founded the Fashion Foundation of India (FFI) and it aims to help all local designers and the fashion industry grow internationally. At a particular Delhis fashion week, about 70 out of 150 buyers came from abroad, and this numbers continues to grow as more overseas buyers recognized the popularity of Indian fashion.With the local scene doing well with their local product designs, given that more and more Indian grown companies are also moving into the fashion and apparels markets, such as ITC (Imperial Tobacco Company of India Ltd) creating Wills life-style with 61 stores in 34 states, Trent, Reliance Retail, Indiab ulls, etc. , the fashion and apparel sector are bound to see double digit growth for the next 5 to 10 years, and this is a boom for the apparel manufacturing industry indeed. In addition, India is attracting foreign investment in fashion as well.We see the country being a focus for Inditex, the Spanish clothing retailer which opened 25 Zara shops in year 2010 in partnership with the Tata group. Another international renowned fashion company who had made their debut in India since a few years ago opened its third store in Mumbai selling international as well as local designs which includes exclusive sari designs which sold for between USD $6,000 to $8,000 each piece, targeting at the expanding lavishness market in India.Although Hermes (French) did not divulge whether their sari designers are locals, but from the design, it appeared obvious that Indian designers would definitely had played a key role. Hermes is definitely not the only company that had launched Indian collections. Ot her sumptuousness brands like Tods (Italian) and Prada have gone into the market with the Indian touch of silk satin clutches, woven sandals and embroidered cotton fiber dresses which are typically made in IndiaFrom the above, we can see that there is very strong foreign interest in Indian design and thereafter manufacturing in fashion products locally as most foreign players see the great potential of Indian consumer market given its strong growth in GDP per capita and other factors as already discussed earlier. The challenge for these global brands will be how they can transubstantiate the interest and investments into successes. One area is of course trade barriers which should see changes if the Indian government wish to liberalize this sector further. 4. 2. Fashion design industry an example of Indias design future Confidence is for sure to be going the positive way as even the worlds leading fashion and style consultancy firm, WGSN, had set foot in India with the intention to partner with the Indian fashion industry to light upon the opportunities and the process to become a global player. WGSN had planned to focus on the whole fleet which included fashion designers, manufacturers and retailers by helping them move up the value chain to tap on more and bigger opportunities both in the local scene as well as in the global fashion design industry.As quoted in an Economist article on Indian fashion design future, it stated that It is Indias potential as a source of future design stars that attracts the foreigners. Many foreign players are really looking for that polished diamond, i. e. designs or designers, which are able to combine Western cuts with Indias talent for embellishment and its celebratedly fine textiles. However, many Indian designers also lack the organisational skills and infrastructure involve to handle large orders. But as Indian designers attract investors, their business skills will no doubt improve.And as discussed in the macro ana lysis earlier, there are many constraints atypical in impeding exponential growth which basically applies in impending the faster growth in the Indian fashion industry as well. These are constraints such as poor infrastructure, inflexible labour laws, even the clog of growing from small to big because of conservative banking systems, etc. We can see that more has to be do for the fashion design industry, which will be further elaborated in the next section of this paper.Depending on current fashion institutes, and push from Indian domestic designers such as Rina Dhaka, Anamika Khanna and Manish Arora who have gained some success in the international scene and are trying to push more for this industry through substructure of associations like FFI (Fashion Foundation of India), this will still not be sufficient in growing faster unless the government re-look at their own strategies and is able to see the importance of the fashion design industry in driving both the fashion industr ial and service sectors, as well as to put a name for India in international fashion arena.With this, we draw parallel to other Indian industries (IT, Healthcare, Higher-end consumables) which too can ride on design to bring about a positive and effective change in the value chain of India, and as such may bring India to the next level in climb up the ladder of being the worlds main heavy weight in economic power in competition with China. An example which can show how many are envisioning this trend and are trying to ride on the bandwagon to perhaps have first movers advantage is the fact that IDEO, the worlds covert design and innovation consultancy firm, has landed in India.It is pretty obvious that IDEO has recognised the potential of India and Indians being groomed to put design and innovation in their move to grow the economy exponentially All of IDEOs work is done in imageation of the capabilities of our clients and the needs of their customers. As we iterate toward a fin al solution, we assess and reassess our designs. Our goal is to deliver appropriate, actionable, and tangible strategies. The result new, progressive avenues for growth that are grounded in business viability and market desirability. Extract IDEOs websiteAnd it is truly what the Indian government can concentrate on, and that is to use design and innovation as key drivers in improving the operation of both the local industrial and service sectors, which will in turn improve the Indian economy tremendously and the lives of Indians with more jobs and economic stability, moving from Third World to First World country for all Indian humanity. 5. COMPARISON WITH CHINA The ancient Chinese strategist and philosopher, Sun Tze has once said if you know the enemy and know yourself, you need to fear the result of a hundred battles.This also applied for India in order to formula its strategy in developing the design industry. In the previous section, we have done the detailed analysis about In dian economic and the direction for its economic development direction, in this section we will discuss how should India compete in the global market. Firstly of all, we shall identify Indias main adversary in the individual industry. For the manufacturing industry, base on the market size, Indias main competitors are mainly China, Japan and Korea, which are mainly within the same geographical area.For the service industry, Indias main competitors are mainly USA, China. For the design industry, Indias main competitors are Italy, USA, China. As we can tell that, in each of the industry, China is the overall main competitor for India. Since China and India both are leaders in the emerging market countries, both are having similar competitive advantages (massive labor resource, cheap but high skill workers, high GDP growth etc), there are more and more competitions between the two. A further analysis shows that China has already made a leap in the development of its design industry.Re ferring to the Forbes global 2000 companies list, we can tell that there are few Indian companies in the product renovation relevant industry, the majority of the listed Indian companies are in the Banking industry, Steel Manufacturing Industry and Natural resource related Industry however, there are many Chinese companies in the list are famous for their product innovation design, for example, Lenovo host is the global leader in PC design manufacturing industry, ZTE is famous for its network equipment design innovation and TCL is famous for the electronic appliance innovation and design.In order for India to compete in the manufacturing with the leap of design industry, we pretend that it is reasonable for India to study how China developed its design industry, and base on the comparison, Indian may take some lesson learn from China. Chinese government recognizes the importance of design innovation in 1980s. Since then, the government has taking stepping in helping to develop its design industry. Basically, China takes 3 steps to develop its design industry. The first step is to establish the education system for the industry.In 1984, China setup the first design course in Hunan University, Since then, there are more any and more students graduated with major in industry design or fashion design. Till now there are about 10. 000 students graduated with major in industrial design from 400 colleges every year. This large talent pool provides an enhanced support for China to develop its design industry. This is also one of the major factor that many multinational design related companies are setting up its design innovation centre or RD centre in China. The second step is to establish the design industry network across the country.China has established 34 design associations all over. There are more than 30 design festivals and nearly 50 seminars in China every year, many of these events are sponsored by the Chinese government. The government also encoura ge and promoting the design innovation by introduce country wide awards to motivate designers. For example, since 2005, the government established the honoured activities selecting China Top Ten Outstanding Young Designers every year. Also, since 2006, the government establish the national industrial design award Red Star annually. The third step is to support the Local companies and projects.The government has made plans to introduce national support to develop the fashion design industry by providing funding for design projects. There are also government policies to encourage design related firms to develop. Overall, China has achieved progressive result in developing its design industry. In 2009, Chinese government produced an advertisement of a international human body promoting Made in China brand and aired on CNN Asia. This ad is deliberately made to build and strengthen the Made in China reputation. However, it also shows that China has taking he product stigmatization i nto a national level, the government may be is aiming for promote Design in China in the near future. 6. PATH TO VICTORY? India may take reference in Chinese government leading example in development its design industry. Base on the previous discuss, we think India should recognize the need for the country to development its design industry, at the mean time learn from its competitors and apply the strategies according to its own market needs. Referring to Chinas strategies, there are four recommendations we think Indian may give The first recommendation is that Indian should support the design education.Although there are two global top design schools in India, however, there are not many schools offering design as a specialization. Even within the two top schools, there are reports shows that the facilities for design faculty are very limited and students do not have exposal to the international design industry. We think that Indian should recognize that in order to develop the i ndustry, there must be enough talents available. Indian government may consider the following strategies to support the design education. 1. The government can identify several schools in each state to introduce to design course.The government should consider provide funds for the school to recruits staff either from the industry or from overseas. 2. The government should encourage the internal national design company to open branch constituent in India. This local operation of the overseas design company will generate the market demand for the design talents and attract more youngster to take the design related courses. 3. The government should establish international activities to provide international exposal to Indian schools and the students. The second recommendation is that India should consider establishing its design network across the country.India is also a big country it should also consider establishing the design association in each state. We rede that for India, the local state government may have more resource and authority in local development we recommend the central government to provide the policy to guide the local state government to encourage a close connection between design associations in each state. The third recommendation is that India should consider establishing a regional design centre. In this way, India may take the opportunity to link the work design industry with the design centre and spread to each state across the country.One city India can consider to label as the design centre is Bombay, since Bombay is named as the commercial entertainment capital. The fourth recommendation is that the India government should consider encouraging the local companies to develop its design and innovation strength. The government may provide the funding support for design projects. This will help the Indian companies to development a sustainable model. Price + Value In order for a business to sustain, there are basically four key factor s investment, productivity, human development and product quality.The education support in recommendation 1 will help to provide a sufficient high skill work force for the company to develop its design arm. The initial government funding will provide the investment for the company to develop the product design and innovation. The introduction of the new drive force for the product design innovation will contribute to the increased value in the product quality and increase the productivity. The business sustainability will also help to sustain the design industry to develop. 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